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Ali Khamenehi (also Seyyed Ali Hosayni Khamenehi, Khamanei) has been the religious-political leader (vali-ye faqih) of Iran since 1989. He was elected to this office by a body of senior Shi'ite Islamic theologians following the death of the country's first leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.

Under the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the leader, who is neither head of state nor head of government, has responsibility for supervising (velayat) top governmental leaders, including the president, to ensure that their actions and policies conform to Islamic laws and principles.

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In effect, then, Khamenehi is the highest political authority in the country.

PERSONAL HISTORY

Khamenehi was born on 17 July 1939 in Mashhad, the main city of eastern Iran and the location of the most sacred Shi'ite Islamic shrine in the country.

His father was a cleric from the Khameneh district—and hence the family surname—of Iranian Azerbaijan. The family genealogy tr